Most cities were parts of countries and did not have real independent power. Venice was one that was independent, and was probably the most powerful of those.
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Charlemagne was without doubt the most powerful man in western Europe in the Early Middle Ages. He ruled a country that included most or all of current France, Germany, Switzerland, the Netherlands, and Belgium, along with major parts of Italy and Austria.
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Vikings
During the early middle ages, 500 - 1000AD, Europe was a frontier land as it was sparsely populated and undeveloped. ;P