The original capital was Rome which is currently In Italy. Constantine the first, one of the christian emperors, moved the capital to Constantinople. Now called Istanbul, this city is in modern day turkey. eventually the empire was divided east from west and these two cities became the capitals. the eastern or byzantine empire continue on for almost 1000 years.
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Italy is the modern country that was the center of the Roman empire.
At the Babylonian Empire's greatest extent, modern day Turkey would be located to the northwest.
Turkey
In the modern world (and in WW II) the Romans are the inhabitants of the city of Rome, which is the capital of Italy. In the ancient world, the ancient Romans conquered a large empire.
At its largest point it contained the eastern Roman Empire and parts of Italy (starting with Justinian) but shrunk because of pressures from the Islamic Empire and Shrunk continually around its capitol Constantinople (modern day Istanbul). For the majority of its existence it contained much of modern day Turkey and Greece.