During the period of the Romans Republic there were five types of elected executive officers of state: the consuls (heads of the Republic and military commanders), the praetors (chiefs justices and military commanders) the censors (who carried out the census, oversaw public morals, managed the roll of senators and commissioned and funded public works) the aediles (who performed many municipal administrative functions) and the quaestors (treasures). They were elected annually, except for the censors who were elected every 18 months). These officers also hired scribes (bureaucrats) to assist them.
During the period of rule by emperors the civil servants were appointees of the emperor who worked in the various offices the imperial administration.
civil wars, disease and famine
Justinian was a Roman emperor and his empire was the Roman empire.Justinian was a Roman emperor and his empire was the Roman empire.Justinian was a Roman emperor and his empire was the Roman empire.Justinian was a Roman emperor and his empire was the Roman empire.Justinian was a Roman emperor and his empire was the Roman empire.Justinian was a Roman emperor and his empire was the Roman empire.Justinian was a Roman emperor and his empire was the Roman empire.Justinian was a Roman emperor and his empire was the Roman empire.Justinian was a Roman emperor and his empire was the Roman empire.
Christianity transformed the religious map of the Roman Empire. It became the religion of the masses of the empire in Late Antiquity. Mainstream Christianity (the early form of the Catholic and the Orthodox churches) became the state religion of the empire, whilst other Christian sects were branded heretic and persecuted, particularly Arian Christianity, which was popular around the empire. Catholicism at that time was called Latin or Western Christianity and it was the religion of the western part of the empire. The Orthodox Church was called Greek or Eastern Christianity and was the religion of the eastern part of the empire. The pagan Roman religion did not disappear, but it became sidelined and was persecuted.
The eastern part of the Roman empire was known as the Byzantine empire.The eastern part of the Roman empire was known as the Byzantine empire.The eastern part of the Roman empire was known as the Byzantine empire.The eastern part of the Roman empire was known as the Byzantine empire.The eastern part of the Roman empire was known as the Byzantine empire.The eastern part of the Roman empire was known as the Byzantine empire.The eastern part of the Roman empire was known as the Byzantine empire.The eastern part of the Roman empire was known as the Byzantine empire.The eastern part of the Roman empire was known as the Byzantine empire.
Augustus can hardly be said to have had a negative impact of the Roman Empire. He saved the empire. He won the Final Civil War of the Roman Republic (the last of a series of devastating civil wars which brought down the Republic) and became the sole ruler of the empire and the first Roman emperor. He re-established the stability of the empire by becoming an absolute ruler and creating a strong government capable of controlling the governors of the Roman provinces, who had previously treated the provinces as their personal fiefs, and tackled the corruption and inefficiencies of the government of the Late Republic. The strong governance he created laid the foundations of the Pax Romana (Roman Peace) a 206-year period of relative political stability in the empire which led to great prosperity due to its facilitation of the development of thriving networks around the empire and beyond (Arabia, Persia, India, China and Ethiopia).
Service for the Roman Empire meant either service in the army or service in the imeprial bureaucracy.
If they did, they would have a civil way
The last two centuries of the Roman Empire experienced frequent civil wars because of the procolomation of independice
The Mauryan Empire
Marc Antony helped the Roman empire in a backhanded way. By losing to Octavian in the civil war he enabled Octavian to add Egypt and all its wealth to the Roman empire.
The Roman Empire established a system of civil governance and a more or less uniform rule of law throughout their empire.
increase corruption among officials
civil wars, disease and famine
Julius Gaius Caesar
A government is not codified and cannot be codified. What can be codified is the law. There was not anyone who unified the Roman Empire because the Roman empire was never divided. Maybe you have in mind Justinian I who commissioned the Corpus Juris Civils (Body of Civil Law) also known as the Justinian Code. This work codified Roman civil law.
Harold Mattingly has written: 'The Date of the Roman Denarius & Other Landmarks in Early Roman Coinage' 'The Coinage of the Civil Wars of 68-69 A.D' 'The Various Style of the Roman Republican Coinage' 'Christianity in the Roman Empire' -- subject(s): Church history 'Outlines of ancient history' 'Roman imperial civilization' -- subject(s): Civilization, History 'Aes & Pecvnia' 'Roman Imperial civilisation' 'Outlines of ancient history' 'The Emperor and his clients' -- subject(s): Politics and government, Numismatics 'The various styles of the Roman republican coinage' -- subject(s): Numismatics, Roman, Coins, Roman, Roman Coins, Roman Numismatics 'The imperial civil service of Rome' -- subject(s): Civil service, Finance, Public, Civil list, Public Finance, Thirlwall prize, 1908, Finance 'Roman coins from the earliest times to the fall of the Western Empire' -- subject(s): Coinage, History, Numismatics, Roman, Numismatics, Roman Numismatics
It brought the Roman civil War to an end and allowed the beginning of stability within the Roman Empire.