There are several buildings called Pantheon. The word translates as All Gods.
If you are talking about the existing massive one in Rome, it has niches for seven statues (long disappeared). This plus the cupola representing the sky indicates it was for the seven 'planets' that the Romans knew of at the time (including the sun and the moon). So the All Gods were the planetary ones. One niche has a more prominent pedistal, so it was likely for Juppiter Optimus Maximus (Jupiter Best and Greatest).
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a pantheon is temple that is dedicated to not one god, but all of the gods
All Roman temples were built in honour of Rome's gods. Temples were places for worship. They were dedicated to one god or goddess or two or three related divinities. On type of temple, the pantheon was dedicated to all gods.
The original purpose for the Pantheon was to honor the Roman gods this is known for several reasons. The Roman gods are named after the seven planets that were familiar to the Romans. There are seven niches in the walls of the Pantheon where the statues of the seven gods were probably placed. The shape of the building is not by coincidence either. The orbs of the planets probably inspired the cylindrical shape of the building. During the medieval period the pantheon was turned into a Christian church. During the Renaissance the Pantheon was converted into a tomb and that is what remained to this day.
The Pantheon first burned down in 80 AD. It burned down again in 110. There is a link below to the ancient history section of an article on the Pantheon.
The Pantheon is a Roman temple that was built by Emperor Hadrian to replace Agrippa's Pantheon. The structure took a total of 15 years to complete.