The emperor Commodus fought as a gladiator. He always won.
The emperor Commodus fought as a gladiator. He always won.
The emperor Commodus fought as a gladiator. He always won.
The emperor Commodus fought as a gladiator. He always won.
The emperor Commodus fought as a gladiator. He always won.
The emperor Commodus fought as a gladiator. He always won.
The emperor Commodus fought as a gladiator. He always won.
The emperor Commodus fought as a gladiator. He always won.
The emperor Commodus fought as a gladiator. He always won.
AnswerJulius Caesar, after him Octavius Caesar AnswerThe Roman Republic was governed by the Senate, as elected representatives of the Roman citizens. The Roman Empire was ruled by the various Emperors, Julius Caesar being the first of them. The next of the Emperors was Octavius Caesar.
From what little we know of Spartacus, we can assume that he fought human animals. He was supposed to have been a Thracian soldier. If true, he would have been skilled in combat. He also could have been a "Thrax" or a "Thracian" gladiator which was a style of fighting. At any rate, neither one of these gladiatorial designations fought animals.
The gladiators except one type (the provocator) did not wear armour. They fought bare chested. The breastplate of the prococator did not have any symbols. One type of gladiator, the thaex, had a stylised griffin on his helmet. The helmet of the hoplomachus sometimes was sometimes plumed with feathers. The helmet of the samnite was also plumed and that of the equite has two feathers.
After Rome was sacked in 410 AD, the Roman Empire continued to exist. After Rome fell in 476, the Roman Empire continued to exist. It continued to exist, according to the Byzantines, until 1453, a date used by some historians as the end of the middle ages. During much of its history, the Roman Empire was divided into two parts, the Empire of the West, with a capital usually in Rome, and the Empire of the East, with a capital in Constantinople. What happened in 476, a date some historians use for the fall of the Roman Empire, was that the last emperor of the Empire of the West abdicated in favor of the emperor of the Empire of the East. This mean that in theory, at least, the empire was reunited. What really happened was that the Roman Empire of the West had been divided into kingdoms that mostly acknowledged the sovereignty of the Roman Empire, but were in fact not paying taxes or providing services. This had happened before 476, and the process continued. But people thought of themselves as being in the Roman Empire for a long time after that. When Charlemagne was crowned Emperor of the West, the idea was that the Roman Empire of the West was getting a new emperor after not having one for 334 years. Charlemagne's empire, the Carolingian Empire, divided after his death. One large part became France, and the other became the Holy Roman Empire, which was called a Roman Empire because it regarded itself as a continuation of the Roman Empire. The legality and facts of that can be argued. But the continuation of the East Roman Empire cannot be dismissed so easily. The East Roman Empire, which we call the Byzantine Empire, but which called itself the Empire of the Roman People long after its people stopped using Latin for any purpose and only used Greek, went on for nearly 1000 years. The emperors who are listed as having dates after the fall of Rome are those who were emperors of the Roman Empire, in its capitol of Constantinople, which had been set up as a capital by Constantine the Great himself.
The way the Romans fought had hardly had any influence in the way other generations fought. In The Early Middle Ages warfare was carried out by a cavalry made up of medieval aristocrats. The Romans fought mainly with infantries. Over time new military technology came about, especially cannons and rifles which revolutionised warfare. Contemporary warfare is even more remote from the Romans. They did not have lorries, jeeps, tanks, aircrafts, submarines and the like. The only remnant of Roman warfare in the Early Middle Ages was the adoption of catapults which were similar to the Roman onager. The only influence on subsequent warfare was the study of the tactics of the great Roman battles in military academies. However, those of the Greeks, Persians and other civilisation are also studied.
Not yet
Some Roman emperors did some weird things, but there is no evidence for this as far as I'm aware.
Breadstuffs, meat, fruit, vegetables, and any exotica they took a fancy to.
If you were conquered by the Roman Empire, or by any other mean become a slave, you could then be sold to a Ludo owner. Ludos were houses owned by Lanistas, who bought and trained men to fight and die in the arena games. Those men were called gladiators.
The Roman emperors were absolute ruler. Their power was absolute. It had no limits. They had control over the state and could make any decision they wanted.
AnswerJulius Caesar, after him Octavius Caesar AnswerThe Roman Republic was governed by the Senate, as elected representatives of the Roman citizens. The Roman Empire was ruled by the various Emperors, Julius Caesar being the first of them. The next of the Emperors was Octavius Caesar.
Any decoration on a Roman shield, zig zag or not, was the symbol of the legion that the man fought in.
The Roman emperors did not have to "control" the plebeians in any way. By the time of the emperors, the plebeians were the nobility along with the patricians and had just as much to lose or gain through politics. The "bread and circus" routine at certain times of the year satisfied the poorer masses. This consisted of free food, free entertainment, and gifts of money.
By the time of the emperors, the senate had very little power. Their main duties were to pass honorary resolutions, confirm any laws or decisions the emperor may want and to confirm new emperors.
Suetonius was a Roman historian, famous for his book about the first Roman emperors "Twelve Ceasars". Very readable even now, it is still in print and you can order it (in English) in any bookstore.
The Lady, or the Tiger? is a famous short story with a setting that alludes to the gladiator events of Roman antiquity.
Roman emperors wore the tunic and toga just like any other man. The difference was in the fabric and in the purple coloring. When the emperor Caracalla came to power the toga was banned and the emperor and all men were required to wear the "caracalla" which was a cloak-type outer garment.