We really cannot know the answer to this question, because too much of history has been lost. Legal codes appeared regularly in ancient times, with the oldest we have dating to about four thousand years ago. We have many other legal codes from ancient times. In fact, we have many from Rome alone.
During the Middle ages, emerging Germanic nations produced an abundance of legal codes. The link below to an article on Early Germanic Law lists about a dozen, with the earliest, the Code of Euric, dating to about 480 AD. This was only about four years after the most commonly used date for the fall of the West Roman Empire. An important and enduring legal code of the East Roman Empire, the Code of Justinian, appeared in the first decades of the Middle Ages.
There are doubtless many legal codes that have been lost. Quite possibly there are many more than have survived.
There are links below to articles on legal codes.
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A republic is democratic while an empire is not. An empire has one leader in charge of all the laws while a republic may have one supreme leader but several other people (like a Congress or Parliament) to approve laws.
Based on "The Institutes" Corupus Iurus Civilis or the Justinian Code, was the result of Emperor Justinian's desire that existing Roman law be collected into a simple and clear system of laws, or "code." Tribonian, a legal minister under Justinian, lead a group of scholars in a 14-month effort to codify existing Roman law. The result was the first Justinian Code, completed in 529. This code was later expanded to include Justinian's own laws, as well as two additional books on areas of the law. In 534, the Justinian Code, made up of the Code, the Digest, and the Institutes, was completed. http://orias.berkeley.edu/summer2004/summer2004JustinianCode.htm
Magellan.