In the days of the republic, government officials were elected and most could select their own assistants. They were usually men from prominent families, either of the wrong age to run for public office on their own, or a politically connected family. In the days of the principate, the major officials were appointed, and generally the officials could select their own working partners, but there were times when the emperor appointed assistants as well. Many times an official was appointed on the basis of who he knew, not on what he knew.
Istanbul. Emperor Constantine made it the capital in about 330. It was at first called New Rome and later Byzantium. For many centuries it was also called Constantinople.
During the Roman empire, Istanbul's name was at first Byzantium, then a new city was built on that site and called Constantinople. Its name later reverted to Byzantium.
Mark Antony never became emperor, as we use the term today. The title "imperator" originally was an honor bestowed on military commanders by the legions after great victories. Many Roman generals were declared imperator by troops, including Mark Antony who ruled as a member of a triumvirate that included Octavian (Ceasar's adopted son and heir) but they had a falling out and later led opposing factions in a civil war. Antony committed suicide after his defeat by Octavian, who cooped the name imperator (from which our emperor derives) as a substitute for king which had negative connotations for the Roman people. Roman dictators served for a set period of years and the office was not hereditary; thus, that office did not suite the purposes of Octavian (later known as Augustus). He had the Roman senate declare him emperor with all the powers of a king, eventually including the hereditary right to pass on his office to his chosen heir. Antony never held sole power equivalent to a king as did Augustus.
He was crowned Emperor by the Pope in 800, but didn't use the title. Note that the notion that he was crowned Holy Roman Emperor is a later fiction.
Octavian became the first emperor in 31 BC. He was later given the title Augustus.Octavian became the first emperor in 31 BC. He was later given the title Augustus.Octavian became the first emperor in 31 BC. He was later given the title Augustus.Octavian became the first emperor in 31 BC. He was later given the title Augustus.Octavian became the first emperor in 31 BC. He was later given the title Augustus.Octavian became the first emperor in 31 BC. He was later given the title Augustus.Octavian became the first emperor in 31 BC. He was later given the title Augustus.Octavian became the first emperor in 31 BC. He was later given the title Augustus.Octavian became the first emperor in 31 BC. He was later given the title Augustus.
Claudius was born in 10 BC and became emperor in 41 AD. That would make him 51 years old when he became emperor.
Basically the church became more established and stronger during the later part of the empire because of the patronage of the emperors.Basically the church became more established and stronger during the later part of the empire because of the patronage of the emperors.Basically the church became more established and stronger during the later part of the empire because of the patronage of the emperors.Basically the church became more established and stronger during the later part of the empire because of the patronage of the emperors.Basically the church became more established and stronger during the later part of the empire because of the patronage of the emperors.Basically the church became more established and stronger during the later part of the empire because of the patronage of the emperors.Basically the church became more established and stronger during the later part of the empire because of the patronage of the emperors.Basically the church became more established and stronger during the later part of the empire because of the patronage of the emperors.Basically the church became more established and stronger during the later part of the empire because of the patronage of the emperors.
Byzantium, renamed Constantinople, and later became the Ottoman capital Istanbul.
The Emperor, Constantine I moved his capitol from Rome to Byzantium (later Constantinople, now Istanbul) in the first quarter of the 4th Century
Was Constantinople, formerly Byzantium, now Istanbul.
Napoleon Bonaparte
No. Byzantium was a city in what is now Turkey . . . Alexandria was in Egypt. Byzantium was later renamed Constantinople after Emperor Constantine, and even later was named Istanbul. (ISS-tan-bool)
Octavius Caesar, Julius Caesar's adopted son, defeated Marc Anthony. He later became the first emperor of Rome, Emperor Augustus.
When Mexico became independent from Spain in 1821, it was first established as an empire, ruled by emperor Agustin I. Three years later, due to his bad administration and spending habits, some Mexican generals staged a coup d'état and the republic was established in its place, with Guadalupe Victoria as the first Mexican president.
King Louis XVI who was executed in 1793. Napoleon Bonaparte later became emperor in the last years of the revolution.
It established patterns that became the basis for later civilizations.