Following the presidential election of 1876, Southern Democrats were able to negotiate the end of Reconstruction with Republicans in Congress because the electoral college could not declare a clear winner, sending the decision to the House of Representatives. In order for the Republican candidate to win, the Republicans agreed to end Reconstruction in 1877.
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The Wade-Davis Bill
The Republican government changed legislation in southern states by giving the newly freed slaves, businessmen and soldiers the right to vote. This lead to the poor south turning to violence to regain democratic powers to oppress the newly freed blacks.
copperheads were Northern supporters of the Confederacy
The upper southern states seceded when Lincoln was elected president of the United States.