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economic conditions and interests in each region varied Going back as far as the colonial era the northern and southern regions of America had differed greatly economically. The northern states were based mostly in manufacturing, trade and some agricultural production, while the southern states were vastly agricultural. These early differences also help account for the rapid growth of slavery (in agriculture) in the south and its low incidence in the northern regions. These sectional and economic differences continued to divide the nation and helped contribute to the eruption of the Civil War in 1861.
During the first half of the 19th century, the North became much more industrialized. Meanwhile, the South depended more and more on plantation agriculture, especially after the invention of the cotton gin made it possible for enslaved workers on cotton plantations to accomplish much more work per day.