There was a process called Reconstruction, which pretty much made it a law for states to come back, or they might rage war again.
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only allow people who had not fought against the union to participate
The Missouri Compromise
Only allow members of the union to work in a particular factory.
They seceded from the USA, because they knew that Lincoln would not allow any new slavestates. They began to take steps to secede from the Union.
There were four states of the Upper South - Kentucky, Missouri, Maryland, Delaware - that remained loyal to the Union, and were allowed to continue practising slavery throughout the war. There was also the District of Columbia, where slavery was not outlawed till 1862, and then the new state of West Virginia, which joined the Union in 1863 and continued to practise slavery, though only on a small scale.