Jim Crow Laws
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They made literacy tests an easy way to prevent freed slaves from voting.
They made literacy tests an easy way to prevent freed slaves from voting...apex
The South resisted reconstruction by passing special laws, like the Black Codes and the Jim Crow laws, in order to keep blacks down in a status practically the same as slavery. Blacks were supposedly free due to the 13th amendment, but they still had no rights, and were being forced to work under stiff work contracts. The Ku Klux Klan also emerged in the South specifically to keep blacks down and uphold white supremacy. Yet another thing that was done was that Southerners charged poll taxes, and had literacy tests as requirements to vote, knowing that most blacks at that time had neither the money to do so, or the ability to read.
The "franchise" is the right to vote; to "disenfranchise" means to deny someone the right to vote. In the south after the war, during reconstruction, white men generally were not allowed to vote, and the freed slaves were allowed to vote. As soon as reconstruction was over whites regained political power and though various laws (poll taxes, literacy tests) again disenfranchised the blacks. (No women could vote until 1920).
There were many examples of disenfranchisement and restrictions placed on African-Americans after the Reconstruction. These included poll taxes, educational requirements, grandfather clauses, the Eight Box Law in South Carolina, property requirements, Jim Crow laws, and White Primaries.