The following art movements were not prominent prior to World War 1:
Surrealism
Cubism
Impressionism
Abstract
Post-impressionism
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The military draft was three fourths of the anti-war movement.
As the Abolitionist movement spread, many prominent members came to public attention. Freedman of color, David Walker, published 'An Appeal To The Colored Citizens of the World in 1829' pushing abolitionists to political militancy. Frederick Douglass, a former slave and the most famous black man among abolitionists, published the anti-slavery paper 'The North Star' . Sojourner Truth, a black woman made the famous speech 'AinÃ?t I a Woman?' and published 'The Narrative of Sojourner Truth: Northern Slave'.
The U-boats were the name of the three boats that the Germans sunked.
There were a great many free blacks living in the south prior to the Civil War. Most free blacks in American lived in the south. In the 1860 census there were 30 million people in the US. Nine million were in the south, including three million slaves, and another half million free blacks. John Hope Franklin, the eminent black historian, has made the free black population of the south a subject of his excellent writing.
The Purple Heart was not awarded during the Civil War. It became an award for those wounded in battle during World War 2. Prior to that, the Purple Heart was awarded for valor in the Revolutionary War, when George Washington had three made and personally awarded them.