A free democratic Republic of South Vietnam; pending elections.
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In 1956, it divided Vietnam at the 17th parallel into North and South Vietnam. They remained that way until the South Vietnam government surrendered to North Vietnam forces in April, 1975.
No man's land, the "Z" (DMZ=Demilitarized Zone). Korea's "Z" (DMZ) at the 38th parallel still exists, separating Communist North Korea from the republic of South Korea.
That was quite complicated. After French troops were defeated in the battle of Dien Bien Phu in May 7, 1954, the Geneva Conference (which had been held before) came to an agreement known as the Geneva Accords. In this this set of treaties, France and the Democratic Republic of Vietnam both agreed to withdraw their troops to different parts of the country (Vietnamese forces to the North, and French troops to the South). After that, French army would retreat completely from Vietnam and two regions would unify in an election. However, U.S. government later refused to follow that schedule because they had never signed the Accords. They set up a pro-America government with Ngo Dinh Diem as president in South Vietnam while communists still controlled the North. To conclude, it was France, America and, ironically, Vietnam (didn't know what it was doing) who divided Vietnam.
On January 27, 1973, the Paris Peace Accords were signed with the goal of ending American involvement in Vietnam. The signers were North Vietnam, South Vietnam, the United States and the Provisional Revolutionary Government who represented South Vietnamese revolutionaries.
Because of the Geneva Convention, the cuty Japanese became monkeys and they were kiiled