Draught of vessel + clearance from bottom required + fall of tide (fall = depth of current tide minus depth of next low water)
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Buoys that float and help you not drown
Very few, compared with later planes. Although balloons had been previously used, the aircraft gave means to see behind enemy lines. Troop movements could be detected and artillery effctiveness plotted. Soon they were used in the ground attack role with machine guns & bombs.
One example of a gas would be helium. Helium is used to fill up balloons and make them float.
They are used in shipyards to launch completed and repaired ships on what are called shipways- do not confuse with floating and floodable dry docks- which will float out ships when gates are open.
Air is lighter than water, so the more air you pump into it's closed bodies of the hull will make it raise. Thomas Alva Hayes