Vicksburg. It split the Confederacy in two, isolated the forces to the West of the river, and denied the enemy the use of this important waterway for the movement of men and materials. By ending the war in the Western theatre, it released Grant for important work in Tennessee.
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Falling to the Union forces after a 40 day siege, the Confederate defeat at Vicksburg is considered a major turning point in the Western theater of the Civil War. When the Confederate garrison surrendered their fortifications on July 4th, 1863, the Union military gained complete control of the Mississippi River.
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The Battle of Vicksburg was the battle that gave the North control of the Mississippi River.
Major General Ulysses S. Grant led the defeat in Vicksburg to gain control of the Mississippi River. This was the last Confederate-controlled section of the river.
At the start of the war, the Union planned to blockade the southern ports, control the Mississippi River, and capture Richmond, Virginia.
Vicksburg, Mississippi
ANSWER The city was the most large city of the Confederacy. By its capture the Union sized the control of the Lower Mississippi, that, in addition to the progress made on the upper course of the river, was an important step forward to gain the whole control of the river and split in to two parts the Confederacy.
There was a massive fortress situated above the Mississippi River
With the capture of Vicksburg in July 1863, the Confederacy had no bases on the Mississippi River. The Union nay "controlled" the river in that sense. With that said, Confederates could at times plant torpedoes in the river and fire artillery from hidden areas. River cargo, however, was never even close to 1860 tonnage.