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The Vietnam War began as a war of nationalism, with the Vietnamese their French colonial powers for independence following World War II. The United States became involved in the struggle out of fear that the new country would be Communist.

The Vietnamese scored a decisive victory over the French at Dienbienphu in 1954, but the United States retained its interest in Vietnam. A conference in Geneva provisionally divided Vietnam into the North under Communist-backed President Ho Chi Minh and the South under American-backed President Ngo Dinh Diem, with elections on the issue of reunification scheduled for 1956. Probably the most important impetus for hostilities was Diem's decision to cancel the elections out of fear that he would lose.O SNAP GTG.

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