The Japanese actually occupied part of North America during World War II. They took several islands in the Aleutian chain near Alaska.
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After the Americans took over Iwo Jima, the Japanese had nothing left to them but Retreat. They took all the military force they had and went back to the closest base to Iwo Jima. Though the battle ended officially on March 26th, the Japanese surrendered on the 16th, but resistance remained until the 26th. 1,000 of the survivors were taken prisoner, while the remaining 1,000 or so went to the nearest base.
The Union named the battles after the nearest body of water. The Confederates named it after the nearest town. The Battle of Shiloh is also known as The Battle of PIttsburg Landing.
the nearest town or structure
The North and the South sometimes named their battles differently. The North tended to name them after the nearest river, and the South after the nearest town.
The South liked to name them after the nearest town. The North liked to name them after the nearest water-course - river, stream or creek.