It was slightly demorializing. The shelling had no effect other than reducing the walls of the fort. There were no deaths. The Bluebellies surrendered when they realized resistance was futile.
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confederate soldier fire on union troops in fort sumter.
Visible signs that the Confederacy was too weak to survive. The Georgian civilians so demoralised that they were begging the troops to move on and savage their sister-confederate state of South Carolina.
the loss of life
It started the war, pitting the industrial north against the better trained south
The Confederacy lost at Glorieta Pass and had to walk back to Texas. * The confederates retreated to Texas and never again threatened union control of the Southwest