To prevent the South exporting its cotton in exchange for war supplies.
It was the North's effort to stop any foreign aid to the South.
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To prevent the South from importing the war supplies it badly needed, having no manufacturing industry of its own.
To prevent the South from exporting its plentiful cotton in exchange for much-needed war-supplies.
In order to prevent the South from importing provisions or supplies from other countries, or from other states.
the naval blockade of the South
The South used small, fast ships called blockade runners to outrun the longer Union warships and reach trading ports.