The main economic cause of the cold war was America's desire and need for world wide open markets. It was believed that for capitalism to be successful, and the American and world wide economy to recover, open markets were necessary. This was contradictory to the communist belief in closed markets. This issue came to a head in Europe where America wanted open markets in all of Europe and Russia wanted closed markets in countries they wanted to control as a buffer to American capitalism.
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Communism verses the free world.
It was about economic and military power, as both USA and USSR were capitalist (private vs state capitalism).
There were many political and economic "weapons" of the Cold War. One of the biggest economic "weapons" was trade barriers. Closing your borders to trade from another country was crucial in the Cold War. Countries were unable to export and import needed supplies, thus were more susceptible to whoever wanted something from them wanted.
Truman Doctrine contributed to the development of the Cold War by promising economic aid to any country that was threatened by communism.
Soviet Bloc nations did not receive any economic aid.