Winfield Scott
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Vicksburg was a Confederate stronghold on the Mississippi River
The Anaconda Plan. The point of it was to cut off supplies from the south.
They had the Anaconda Plan to surround the South and cut off their trade and divide them to weaken their economy.
The Anaconda plan was a military strategy proposed by Union General Winfield Scott early in the American Civil War. The plan called for a naval blockade of the Confederate littoral, a thrust down the Mississippi, and the strangulation of the South by Union land and naval forces.
The original proponent of the divide-and-conquer plan to win the Civil War was General Winfield Scott. A life-long soldier (and politician), Scott proposed a strategy to subjugate the South that was known as the Anaconda Plan, as it intended to strangle the South through a naval blockade and Union control of the Mississippi River, which would cut the South into two vulnerable (and weakened) halves.