Britain & France were trying to Appease Hitler. The truth was, hindsight 20/20, is that they should have invaded when Hitler marched into the Rhineland, 1935, I think. What has to be remembered is that the 'Great War' was still fresh in the memory of the people at this time, 20 years before, and obviously a repitition of this was, it was thought for obvious reasons, worth trying to avoid at all costs. I am not trying to say appeasement was right, not at all, but I am trying to say that the reasons for it were well intentioned. But then the road to hell is paved.... as they say.
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Because Prime Minister Chamberlain didnt want to fight over Czechoslovakia.... The 1938 Munich agreement between Chamberlain of Great Britain and Hitler of Germany stipulated that the Sudeten Germans residing in Czechoslovakia on the border of Germany should be reunited with the Fatherland. But when it came to reunite these Germans, Hitler saw it fit to take over all of Czechoslovakia. Chamberlain and Great Britain aquiesced to Hitler's invasion. As the Allies had no treaty with Czechoslovakia as they had with Poland - Hitler's invasion of Poland in 1939 caused Britain to declare war on Germany - Chamberlain stayed in office until May 1940 when Churchill took over. By then Chamberlain was a sick man and he died not long after. (Chamberlain actually resigned over a vote of confidence regarding the Norway situation)
Beligum went to war with Germany because Germany's plan was to cross or go throughout beligum to attack France from all angles. Belgium had told Germany not to come through because they were a neutral country and didnt want to get involved in the war. So since great Britain and Belgium were in an alliance Great Britain eventually got pulled into the war. Hope this helped!
It didnt
From1933 to 1939, Britain and France followed a policy of appeasement. In 1933 Hitler wanted to rearm, although forbidden by the Treaty of Versailles. At a conference, Hitler said, "I will unarm if you do so too." He was allowed to by Britain as the treaty was said to be 'unfair'. They also ignored the remilitarisation of the Rhineland as Britain, France and the League of Nations were dealing with the Abyssinian crisis. They ignored his Anschluss with Austria and helped him gain the Sudetenland in order to appease him. Britain may have done this to give them time to rearm after the great depression and WW1, or Neville Chamberlain may not have realised that Hitler was not to be trusted, and that each demand was not his last one, as he kept promising. However in 1939 when he invaded the whole of Czechoslovakia, they realised, and ended appeasement.
Germany knew of an incoming attack somewhere on the coastline but they didnt know of when or where it was to be.