No, they do not pass laws, they pass Bills.
Technically they pass a Bill which, once it passes both house of Congress is sent to the President and when the President signs it, THEN it becomes a law.
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They do no share powers. The legislative branch creates laws. The judicial branch decides the constitutionality of the laws created by the legislative branch.
The executive branch of the United States government is charged with enforcing laws. The remaining branches, legislative and judicial, write and interpret the laws, respectively.
== == The Congress. Art. I, sec 1 of the Constitution.
The Legislative Branch (Congress), which is created and given power by Article I of the U.S. Constitution; the Executive Branch (the Presidency), which is created and given power by Article II of the U.S. Constitution; and the Judiciary Branch (Supreme Court), which is created and given power by Article III of the U.S. Constitution.
The Executive Branch;The Legislative Branch;The Judicial Branch.Legislative Executive Judicial1.Legislative branch - (i.e. Congress).2.Executive branch (i.e. The President).3.Judicial branch (i.e. The Supreme Court).