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There are two unconnected North American groups that have been called Blackfoot or Blackfeet -

  1. The Blackfoot division of the Teton Lakota (Sioux) in north western South Dakota
  2. The Blackfoot confederacy of Manitoba, Saskatchewan and northern Montana, made up of the Blood, Piegan and Blackfoot tribes

Historically the tribes of the Blackfoot confederacy often painted their shirts, leggings and moccasin tops black or dark brown and many surviving items demonstrate this feature. In Plains sign language this group of tribes is indicated by making the signs for "moccasin" and "black".

Alternatively, it may refer to the old practice of setting fire to grassland in order to encourage new growth, thereby attracting buffalo herds to the fresh grass; walking through the ashes would give moccasin tops a black appearance.

It is possible that the "black painted moccasins" theory is true of the Blackfoot confederacy, while the "black moccasins from walking through burnt grass" is true of the Teton Lakota Blackfoot.

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