A poll tax was used to keep African Americans from voting. Most African Americans did not have very high paying jobs and could not afford to vote. This assured that whites were the predominant race to participate in electing officials.
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The cause of the poll tax was to keep poor and minority people from voting. The laws were eliminated by the 15th Amendment to the Constitution.
The 15th Amendment states that a person cannot be prevented from voting because of not paying a tax. A poll tax was one way that poor minorities were prevented from voting.
The Twenty-fourth Amendment (Amendment XXIV) prohibits both Congress and the states from conditioning the right to vote in federal elections on payment of a poll tax or other types of tax.
A poll tax required prospective voters to pay money.
There were no such laws. Blacks were still slaves in 1800. We were not recognized as people under the Constitution and citizenship/voting rights are reserved to people. Since we had no rights, there was no need for laws forbidding us the right to vote. It was understood that we had no legal rights.