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Was Cleopatra cremated

Updated: 4/28/2022
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Yes, after a lying in state or what we Westerners would call a Wake. the move was accurate ( Elizabeth Taylor film) on this. therefore there are no surviving relics or anyting like Mummies or Masks of- Cleopatra. She was Greek and Cremation was their preferred method of disposal of the Dead in Pre-Christian times. as is known she took her own life by snake bite.

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What is the Most expensive movie in the world?

In costs of production, three of the Big guns- and two were essentially Box-Office Dinosaurs were: Cleopatra- the Elizabeth Taylor version of the Queen of the Nile, the older Solomon and Sheba- plagued with accidents, cost overruns- and one lead actor died during production- had to be replaced by Mr. Brynner. Many called Solomon and Sheba , the ( Jewish Cleopatra)- costumes and chariots showed a similarity- and getting a bit more modern- and on the deep side indeed- Titanic had staggering, indeed Titanic production costs- but did not sink at the box office- quite the opposite. so it goes with the flow.


What did the adena Indian tribe use the mounds for?

The Adena were not actually a tribe, but what archaeologists call a "tradition." This means that there were certain cultural traits that were prevalent in a geographic region at a certain time. The Adena tradition lasted from roughly 1000 B.C. to A.D.1-200 (depending on area) in the Ohio Valley and beyond. In some areas, such as the Hocking River Valley of Southeast Ohio, the Adena tradition persisted through the time of the Hopewell tradition to extend to the later dates. The mounds that were created by the Adena were ceremonial burial mounds. From what can be gathered from archaeological evidence, some bodies (but not all) were placed in wooden huts along with ceremonial artifacts like beads, copper and flints, and the huts were then burned. Not all burials used the huts, though. Several bodies -- cremated, flexed (foetal or other cramped position) and extended (laying flat) -- are often found in the same stratigraphic layer of the mound. Often, the bodies were sprinkled with red ochre, graphite or manganese dioxide and then covered in dirt. This is the first layer of the mound. The process was repeated over many years and the mound grew in size. We can see many of these and be impressed by their size, but we must remember that erosion and human activity have decreased both the number and size of mounds.


How have attitudes and practices surrounding death changed in Britain today?

Throughout the centuries people's attitudes and pratices towards death have changed greatly, due to society changing. This takes into consideration such things as, the change in modern medicine, culture and growth in society today, as going back many centuries, it was only the rich that could afford a proper burial and last rights given to them. And throughout society the cost of medicine and care were limited to the rich. Therefore the poor people in society died young not being able to afford medicine and care. There burials were often crude, being sent to a poppers grave was often the case, whereby they were granted a burial, but without any send off or epitaph to commemorate their life and death. This was once called a No-mans grave. Peoples attitudes were non- chalont in these eras, as it was common practice and just the way of their society and what they were used to. Although the changes been made to society's infa- structure and social economy throughout the years has changed society vastly in practices , it is therefore not only the rich who qualify for this civil right of being buried , but everyones right. Now we see everyone from all backgrounds in todays society are entitled to this common practice; whether rich, poor, colour, creed or religion. Nowadays in society it is a persons right to choose what they want done with their remenants after death, whether its given to further scientific experiment or the decision to be cremated. Therefore the legal system control most of the protocol surrounding death and its practices. As death has to be certified so that no foul play has come about and therefore a certificated warrant has to be given for any individuals occurrance of death. This is so as to lie any criminal deviancy, intent and purpose to rest. Also an individuals preference and want comes into play through the legal system of making a coherent will, therefore also making practices and attitudes change in respect to death by allowing it to be a civilised procedure. This also acts as decision making for legal hearings and the distribution of a persons, personal property, land and possessions without any agrivation attached, although wills can be testified agianst if seen fit by others (i.e.) family, friends or councils (etc) So Yes, things have improved and changed greatly in today's society in the UK pertaining to death. It's not such a taboo subject as years gone by, now we see society expressing an interest and talking more about death and the circumstances surrounding death and their life after death. People now feel they need to know where to go for help and support with the loss and grief of a loved one, to finding equilibrium in life and moving onwards. Therefore nowadays there are more bereavment sites and organizations out there that provide counselling for the many varied reasons and to many different people. It is through the establishment of these organizations that have also changed people's attitudes in society, which has ultimately benefited people to learn from experience and grow from it.


What are facts about the cahuilla tribe?

Today most Cahuilla are Roman Catholics, although some elements of the traditional religion remain.In the Cahuilla traditional culture, the origin myth was very important for an understanding of the Cahuilla identity. In the beginning was nothing but darkness. Eventually 2 twins were born from eggs, Mukat and Tamaioit. Their mother was Darkness. With their birth the natural world began to develop order. The descendants of Mukat and Tamaioit became the Cahuilla.Mukat created things that were mostly black, and Tamaioit created things that were mostly white. Together they created the earth, ocean, sun, moon, people, plants, and animals. Mukat and Tamaioit began to argue and their disagreement drove Tamaioit underground, where he took many of his creations. Then mountains emerged, the earth shook and the ocean overflowed, causing streams and rivers to form.Mukat lived in a big house with people and animals. He fell in love with the Moon who was in the form of a beautiful woman. She taught the women about marriage, child-raising and menstrual and pregnancy taboos. Mukat wanted her for his wife, but she was technically Mukat's daughter so they could not marry. Therefore she went to her place in the sky. Mukat meanwhile taught people how to make bows and arrows and as a result, the first death occurred. The people got angry at Mukat over this and other things, and decided to kill him. He was made ill and the shamans only pretended to try to cure him. Before he died, he taught the people to sing mourning songs and how to hold a mourning ceremony for the dead each year. After Mukat died, he was cremated and his house was burned.The themes in this origin myth of the mourning ceremony, the Moon's association with women's lives and responsibilities, the burning of the body and house after death, and so on, are reflected in the religion as practiced by the Cahuilla.There were 3 leaders in Cahuilla clans: the net, the paha, and the shaman. The net was someone who knew about the clan traditons and certain esoteric facts important to the clans. A room in the net's house held sacred objects. Eagle, hawk, and owl feathers were kept in a sacred bundle. The paha was responsible for ceremonial preparations and for maintaining order at the ceremonies. He led hunting parties and served as a spokesman and messenger for the net. Shamans were responsible for dealing with diseases, disaster, and personal traumas.Two major ceremonies in Cahuilla life were the Eagle-Killing Ceremony and the Mourning Ceremony.The Eagle Killing Ceremony was believed to assure them of life after death. The flight of the eagle symbolized the course that Shamans would take when they led souls to the land of the dead.The life-cycle is marked by certain rituals. A pregnant woman has certain instructions she must follow, and certain restrictions. For example, she is not to eat any salt, and should eat very little meat and drink only warm water. After she gives birth, she must follow certain guidelines for several days.Another life-cycle event is child-naming, which actually did not take place until the child was anywhere from 4 to 12 years old.Adolescence for girls was marked by a special ceremony wherein she received tattoos and her ears were pierced. There was a ritual for her first and subsequent menstruations that were quite involved.Among some Cahuilla, there was an initiation ceremony for boys. It symbolized their death as children and birth into adulthood.Certain values were expected to be followed by children. They were taught respect of elders, and they were to be thoughtful and unselfish.When someone died, his body was burned, and his house as well. If the deceased was a man, the creation narrative was sung. If it was a woman, a song about the moon was sung.Each year, there was a Mourning Ceremony. It was a 7-day event to remember those who had died the previous year. Guests would receive gifts, the origin myth was recited and death rituals were performed. The shamans would communicate with the dead and much singing took place. Images would be prepared for the dead. The images would be carried in a procession to the clan dance house. Later the images were burned, which was believed to release the soul of the deceased. This officially ended the period of mourning.After death a soul sought passage through the mountains created by Mukat. They would be questioned by a guardian, and if they had lived by Mukat's rules, they were allowed to pass through unharmed. If they had not lived by Mukat's rules, they became bats, butterflies, trees, or rocks.Changes in these traditions began to occur in about the 1870's. Houses were not burned until 3 members of the household died. Among the Pass Cahuilla, the Eagle-Killing Ceremony and the Mourning Ceremony became combined into one. The dead began to be buried rather than cremated.The last Shaman died in 1984. One woman today knows the ceremonial songs and she continues to carry out some of the traditional religious practices.Even though most Cahuilla are today Roman Catholic, funerals still are an important focus of life, seen as a rite of passage. So even today, some of the personal possessions of the deceased are burned, and traditional Cahuilla songs are sung.[I learned the above information from a few different sources, including the Encyclopedia of Religion, article on "Bears." The Land was Theirs: A Study of Native North Americans. By Wendell Oswalt. And, The Peyote Cult, by Barre, page 136.]