Another name for the separation of powers that was written into the U.S. Constitution is the system of checks and balances. Dividing power into three government branches (Executive, Legislative, and Judicial) creates a system where each has the ability to keep a "check" on the power of the other two so that one person or group doesn't gain full control of the government.
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Separation Of Powers
The separation and distribution of the power of the government among the three branches of the national government.
"Checks And Balances" The separation of powers allows each branch to veto or amend eachothers acts
The division of governmental power into the legislative executive and judicial branches reflects a separation of powers.