The Columbian Exchange refers to the exchange of plants, animals, and diseases caused by contact between the Old World (Europe, Asia, and Africa) and the New World (the Americas). This biological exchange began with Columbus's arrival in 1492, and continued as Europeans continued to explore and come into contact with people, plants, and animals in other parts of the Americas that had not been exposed to European diseases, plants, and animals.
An end date is harder to pinpoint. Since the Exchange refers to items that at one time had never been outside of their original hemisphere, once the biological elements that were once unique to their specific hemispheres had been introduced to the other, that exchange would assumedly be over.
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The Triangular change and the Columbian exchange is the same thing Columbian exchange is a long term for The Triangular Trade.
The Columbian Exchange is still used today.
Diseases
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Before the Columbian Exchange, there were no potatoes in Ireland, no tomatoes in Italy, and no chocolate in Switzerland.