the causes were the crusades. after them people came back to europe with new ideas. europe "woke up" and was open to new routes of trading and commerce. also the need for manpower was ending. instead of wood plows, there were iron plows drawn by horses....stuff like that.
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Increasing demand for skilled labor.
The establishment of colonies in the Americas was part of the Commercial Revolution. They occured during the same time period.
The Commercial Revolution occurred in the 1600's.
The commercial revolution and increase in trade = More wealth in Europe and more contact with other civilizations = Discovery of ancient manuscripts that had been preserved by Muslim and Jewish scholars = A renewed interest in learning
began in 1789 with the French Revolution