Ideology is a set of beliefs, values and ideas of a group and a nation. It is deeply ingrained in the social consciousness of the people. It is a set of principles, a framework of action and guidance system that gives order and meaning to life and human action. Ideology emphasizes on some particular principles, ideals and blueprint for the future. It is a review of the existing political, social and economic arrangements that create consciousness based on its principles. It legitimizes or illegitimates certain actions and philosophies. Ideology gives nation a direction and worldview and its implementation is the responsibility of the concerned people.
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Liberalism and Nationalism
Most Whigs subscribed to the political ideology known as republicanism. Republicanism is the ideology of governing a society or state as a republic, in which the head of state is a representative of the people who hold popular sovereignty rather than the people being subjects of the head of state. The head of state is usually an elected official.
Communism and Fascism.
A mix of Nationalism, Socialism and Social-Darwinism + the idea of a superior caucasian race.
Many reasons. A few of the bigger ones where to reclaim territory they lost at the end of WW1 and to secure natural resources Germany lacked like oil. Another one was ideology, Hitler believed his way was the only way and he had to destroy Communism and other ideology he deemed unfit.