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A Roman citizen was a inhabitants of the city of Rome. This applied only to freeborn people. Roman citizenship was extended to all the peoples of Italy after the Italian War (91-87 BC). Emperor Caracalla extended Roman citizenship to all free men in the Roman Empire in 212 AD.
Slaves did not have Roman citizenship. However, freedmen in the city of Rome were eligible to Roman citizenship on the ground of permanent residence in the city. As the Romans were in the habit of freeing their slaves, at one point the majority of the citizens of the city of Rome were freemen or their descendants.
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EzraToday a citizen of Rome is called an Italian. In ancient Rome there were two words for citizen. the word civis means citizen and all that citizenship connotes. The word quiris,(sigular) quirites (plural) means a citizen strictly in his civil capacity. There are subtle differences in the usage of the two words. A politician making a speech in the forum would address his listeners (potential voters) as "Quirites", but if a general addressed his troops as "Quirites" it was a reproach to the pride of the legion, as he was putting them down to the level of civilians.
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