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1688 is the year that Englishman William Dampier explored and mapped parts of "New Holland". On 4 January 1688, his ship the 'Cygnet' was beached on the northwest coast of Australia, at King Sound near Buccaneer Archipelago on the north-west coast of Australia. While the ship was being repaired Dampier made notes on the fauna and flora he found there.
Dampier was unimpressed by the dry, barren landscape, the lack of water and what he described as the "miserablest people in the world" - the native population. His negative reports led to the delay of England's colonisation of what is now Australia. It was not until 1770 that Captain James Cook reported positively on the green, fertile countryside of New South Wales, and England sought to colonise the previously unknown continent.
1788 was the year the first European settlers arrived in Australia. Specifically, they were the English convicts, officers and marines.
The First Fleet, consisting of British convicts and soldiers, arrived in Sydney on January 26th 1788. This day is commemorated each year as 'Australia Day.'
Australia's first governor was Captain Arthur Phillip (1738 - 1814), who arrived with the First Fleet in 1788. He was, in fact, the Governor of the New South Wales colony.
White settlement in Australia commenced in 1788, with the arrival of the First Fleet.
Chooks (the Austalian term for chickens) arrived with the First Fleet on 26 January 1788. The related link below lists 87 chickens as arriving on the First Fleet.
William Dampier was the first Englishman to explore and map parts of New Holland (Australia). On 4 January 1688, his ship the 'Cygnet' was beached on the northwest coast of Australia, at King Sound near Buccaneer Archipelago on the north-west coast of Australia. The next English visitor was Lieutenant James Cook (not yet captain), who charted the eastern coast in 1770. Cook's positive report led to the colonisation of New South Wales by England in 1788.