There are many reasons why Federation was good for Australia:
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Federation tended to improve the lot of white Australians while the laws often excluded the Aboriginal people from these same rights afforded to white Australians. Federal Laws included pensions for the elderly as well as pensions for the disabled.
The Federation of Australia was the joining of all the states and territories as one nation controlled by the federal government. Prior to 1901, Australia was made up of six self-governing colonies; New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, Queensland, Western Australia and Tasmania. These colonies were under British rule from the time the First Fleet landed, in 1788, until 1901. Numerous politicians and influential Australians through the years had pushed for federation of the colonies, and self-government. After not being accepted by the states the first time, the amended Commonwealth Constitution was given Royal Assent on 9 July 1900.
On 1 January 1901, federation of the colonies was achieved and the Commonwealth of Australia was proclaimed.
The Father of Federation is regarded as being the one who campaigned most vocally and vigorously for Federation in Australia - and this is Sir Henry Parkes.
The act of forming the commonwealth of Australia, or the merging of the independent states, was called "Federation".
On the 1st January 1901, the Colonies of Australia were united in federation to become the states of the Commonwealth of Australia. The ceremoney took place at the kiosk in Sydney's Centenial Park. Also on this day Sir Edmund Barton was sworn in as Australia's first Prime Minister and the Earl of Hopetoun was appointed by Queen Victoria as Australia's first Governer-General
Sir Henry Parkes was important because he was a major figure in the push for Federation of the states in Australia. Because he campaigned for federation of the states, he is referred to as the Father of Federation. Federation would enable Australia to be self-governing, independent of England.Parkes is remembered for his famous Tenterfield Oration, delivered on 24 October 1889, at the Tenterfield School of Arts. Tenterfield was selected as the place to make his stand as it was part of New South Wales but a long distance away from Sydney. This meant that the town was disadvantaged by the steep tariffs imposed on the transportation of goods across the border to Queensland, where the closer trade centre of Brisbane was located.His promotion of Federation was based on the fact that it would enable free trade across the borders. Parkes made a significant contribution to the Federation movement in Australia.
On 1 January 1901, federation of the Australian colonies was achieved and the Commonwealth of Australia was proclaimed. Australia's first Governor-General, John Hope, made the proclamation at Centennial Park in Sydney.