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What is an oversized coalition?
A coalition that comprises at least one party whose seats are not needed to control a majority of seats (50%+1) in the legislature. As opposed to a "Minimum Winning Coalition", in which every coalition partner is needed to control a majority of seats. A sometimes called "Grand Coalition" of the 2 biggest parties in the legislature is usually not oversized. (it could be oversized, if one of the 2 parties controls a majority of seats).
How many seats in Ontario provincial legislature?
There are 338 seats the House of Commons. There are 105 in the Senate, though this can be augmented temporarily by 4 or 8 seats if needed with the Queen's authorization. Parliament also includes the Crown, and thus has a "seat" (the Throne) for the Monarch or the Governor General.
How is the legislature of the US set up?
They have a house of representatives with no term limits. They have a bicameral system just like the federal government and many other similarities with it.
Is senators elected based on equal representation or proportional representation?
The representation of states in the United States Senate is based on equal representation. Every state, regardless of size, elects two senators; in contrast, the number of seats a state has in the House of Representatives is based on that state's population. This difference arose out of the conflict between the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan put forth at the Philadelphia Convention. The Virginia Plan proposed that representation in the legislature be based on either a state's population or its monetary contribution to the federal government, whereas the New Jersey Plan proposed an equal distribution of seats in the legislature to all states. The agreed upon compromise between these two plans, called the Connecticut Compromise, established two houses: the House of Representatives, based on proportional representation, and the Senate, based on equal representation.
In the parliamentary form of government the executive is chosen by whom?
The executive is selected by the legislative branch (usually, the head will be the leader of the party who won the most seats in the legislative election and that head picks their cabinet of executives). Usually, all high executive members (the cabinet) must be elected in the legislature to hold their position.
