Power is the connection between state powers and state policies.
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States are granted certain powers that federal and local governments do not have. The states are allowed to design their own policies regarding these powers.
The four areas of state authority are their powers to tax, regulate state commerce, create/enforce policies and their authority of eminent domain.
Checks and balances
Separation of Powers
Concurrent;
Assuming that the federal law can be said to have a reasonable connection to the Article I, Section 8 Powers given to Congress, the federal law will supersede the state law and render the state law non-operative. If the federal law is not said to have a reasonable connection to the Article I, Section 8 Powers, it is rendered unconstitutional and the state law prevails.