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The lower house of Congress is called the House of Representatives. Although, the United States does not really use terms like that.
House of Representatives
Congress is made up of the Senate and the House of Representatives.
The House of Representatives favors bigger states because they have more districts and therefore more representatives. The Senate only has two Senators from each state no matter what size they are.
The number of representatives in the House of Representatives for each state depends on the states population. During the Constitutional Congress in 1787, delegates proposed different methods of calculating this number. The final two plans were the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan. Each plan had a different way to control the states. The Virginia plan was to have the number of representatives be based on population, while the New Jersey plan was to have the same number of representatives for each state, regardless of population. Since there was the delegates couldn't agree on which method to use, Roger Sherman suggested the Great Compromise, which helped settle this argument/problem. One legislature, the House of Representatives, is based on population. The other legislature, the Senate, is made up of two people from each state.