Federalist and Democratic-Republican
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Differences on foreign and domestic policy led to the nation's first political parties.
Political Parties.
Federalists and Anti-Federalists were the first American political parties, formed around, respectively, their support of and opposition to the new Constitution.
At that time, many Americans thought political parties were harmful to good government. The Constitution made no mention of parties because its authors saw no good use for them. Washington disapproved of political parties, or "factions" as they were known. He warned that they would divide the nation.
There were actually two first political parties. Both parties formed at basically the same time, because the first one (which is technically unknown which party came first) had ideas someone didn't like, so another person formed a second party with their ideas contradicting the first party's ideas. The first two political parties were the Republican Party and the Federalist Party.