Members of Congress have a public swearing-in ceremony at the start of each new Congress. The current oath (2014) was written in the 1860s.
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They take it the first day the new Congress is in session which is January 3 or the first weekday thereafter.
'took the oath of office.'
Yes-congressmen take an oath of office before they begin work.
All federal officers are required to state an oath before taking office. This includes all members of all three branches of the government. The oath of office is in the Constitution.
First he has to be legally elected as President or else become president by succession. Second he must be "sworn in" by taking the oath of office before a person who is legally qualified to administer oaths.
American presidents who are re-elected are required to repeat the oath of office.