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The Hepburn act gave the government the power to set and limit shipping costs.
National political leaders have the most serious external issue with regards to national defense. At all costs their nation must be able to be secure from external threats. National leaders and their military leaders and consultants should constantly meet and make sound decisions concerning national defense.
I think governmet's policies give many benefits to the people.
federal and state taxes are one example.
Unfunded Mandate
The seven functions of government include national defense and public goods, pollution and external costs, education and external benefits, legal and social frameworks, competition, income and social welfare, and government fiscal and monetary policy.
Internal costs are costs that a business bases its price on. External costs are costs that are not included in what the business bases its price on Nicodem
The impact of external costs and external benefits on resource allocation that business needs can be done quiet easily with perfection as distribution of resources has been done with costs and benefits effective point.
Private costs can also be borne by producers. For example: A consumer buys a unit of good, the private cost of him is mainly the price of the good. A producer supplies a unit of good, the private cost of it is the cost of production. There should be no definite answer for "who bears the private cost?". Social costs = Private costs + External costs. It's born by both consumers and producers. Look up external costs in the internet.
do not include any copy7
An example of a spillover cost is pollution generated by a factory that affects nearby residents. When the factory emits harmful substances into the air or water, it can lead to health problems, reduced property values, and increased healthcare costs for the community. These negative impacts are not reflected in the factory's production costs, making them external costs borne by society rather than the producer.
Raw materials
If a business produces high external benefits. A government will want to encourage this by for example, giving tax reliefs or to perform nationalization. If a business produces high external costs, like a cigarette manufacturer. A government will want to discourage this, for example by putting high taxation on its products. But ironically because of the good government revenue this kind of taxation earns the government, it will try to gain a equilibrium between regulating people smoking and needing government healthcare with earning a lot from the tax imposed.
There are internal and external factors for pricing. The internal factors include the manufacturing or purchasing costs while external factors depend on the demand of a product.
costs generated by using capital at a certain time for a certain investment, variables which influence these costs are the real interest rate, depreciation rate and costs of capital in the future
The Hepburn act gave the government the power to set and limit shipping costs.
The government is responsible for covering the costs of deportation.