No one has ever been elected by the Senate to be Vice-President of the United States. If the office of Vice President is vacant, the President apppoints a Vice-President with the advice and consent of the Senate. This is not an election, but a vote of approval. If a candidate slate for President / Vice-President does not obtain a majority of votes in the Electoral College, the decision falls to the House of Representatives, not to the Senate.
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THe House Speaker and the Senate majority leader are elected from the majority party. The Senate also has a president pro tempore who is elected by the Senate and now is traditionally the majority senator with the most seniority. The Vice President of the United States is the president of the Senate, but can not vote except in the case of a tie. The vice president is elected by the elecoral college along with the President.
The vice-president is elected by the electoral college. He is not appointed by the President and so does not need confirmation by the Senate.
The Vice President is the President of the Senate.
The Vice President.
The president,vice-president , all 435 representatives to the House and one-third of the senators are all elected on the same day. Some states also elect their governor and other state officials on that day.