It is roughly the 5th century to the 15th century.
The middle ages timeline is normally regarded as being from 410 to 1485, the death of King Richard III.
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The Middle Ages began in the 5th century and end in the 15th century.
The 14th century was in the Middle Ages or medieval times, but the Middle Ages lasted from the 5th century to the 15th, and so included much more.
Torture continued throughout the middle ages, and only began to disappear during the Eighteenth Century. The US Military and many other countries still use it.
The simple answer is that the medieval period is also called the Middle Ages. There is some complexity, however. The period from the 5th through 10th centuries was called the Dark Ages, but the term Early Middle Ages is more common now. What used to be called the Middle Ages, a time from the 11th to 15th centuries, is now often counted as the High Middle Ages (1000 to 1300) and Late Middle Ages (1300 to some time in the 15th century).
There was no explorers in the middle ages. When exploration started that is when the middle ages ended.