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This is a confusing question. First please remember that Rome was already an empire under the republic. What is erroneously called the "Roman Empire" is the Principate. The government of the republic was by popular election while the government of the principate was by appointment. Both forms of government used the senate as a consulting body.
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ReneIn short - the Roman Empire The main reason is due to the military reforms of Gaius Marius, which made the Roman legions a professional standing army. The legionary became a dedicated heavy infantryman and legions as a whole were much more standardized and better equipped Although service in the imperial legions was usually voluntary, the incentives to join the military were much greater than in the age of the Republic (which was almost always conscription based) which allowed for the steady pool of Roman manpower in addition to evermore present use of auxiliaries Having permanent professional armies also made for greater numbers of seasoned veterans. From a numerical standpoint - During the Republic, only a few legions (5 or so) were on hand at any given time for national defense. More legions were only levied in times war. The most legions Rome ever had was during the height of the Civil War, which was about 29 legions. After the Marian reforms the number was dropped to either 24 or 25 at any given time during the height of the Roman Empire. Imperial legions also had about 1000 more soldiers than Republican legions when fully reinforced (not including auxiliaries The Republic did, however, posses the largest Roman Navy but I wouldn't weigh it too much in this answer simply because the navy never made much of a significant military impact after the Punic Wars besides ferrying troops now and then.
They are two different things. A republic is a form of government while an empire is a political structure. In a republic officials are elected by the voters to rule for them. An empire is a large holding ruled by one central authority. In the case of Rome, it was an empire under the republic and also under the principate as all its provinces were ruled from Rome under Roman law. In other words, Rome was an empire under two forms of government, the republic and the principate.
Your question is impossible to answer because you are trying to compare two different things. A republic is a form of government; an empire is a holding of some type. The two are different. Besides, Rome was an empire while it was being governed as a republic. It continued as an empire after the republic fell and it was governed as a principate.
The Roman empire lasted longer than the Roman Republic.
The Roman empire lasted longer than the Roman republic.
The Roman empire lasted longer than the Roman republic.
The Roman empire lasted longer than the Roman republic.
The Roman empire lasted longer than the Roman republic.
The Roman empire lasted longer than the Roman republic.
The Roman empire lasted longer than the Roman republic.
The Roman empire lasted longer than the Roman republic.
The Roman empire lasted longer than the Roman republic.
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Who was first the roman republic the roman empire or the athenian democracy and in what order?
Athenian democracy, Roman Republic, Roman Empire
Explain the difference between the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire in the economy government and law?
The unicorn they ride is different, the Republic has magic white ones.
The differences between eastern and western halves of the empire?
The Western half of the roman empire is a bla bla civilization The Eastern half of the roman empire is a bla ba dee bla civilization
Actions by which body resulted in the fall of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire?
The Senate!
How did octavian's rule serve as a transition from roman to republic to empire?
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