1st Answer None to speak of except crop rotation - the improvements in agrarian practice mainly came after the Middle Ages. The seed drill, mechanization, enclosure, fertilizer, drainage, selective breeding to name but a few. 2nd Answer But yes, I know there was some enclosure and drainage in the Middle Ages. 3rd AnswerImprovements in agriculture were among the most important things that happened in the Middle Ages. They increased agricultural production enormously, and made it possible for towns and cities to grow to the point that they had a far greater population than they had during the time of the Roman Empire.
Crop rotation was done in ancient times. The improvement was to go from a two field system to a three field system, increasing the amount of agricultural land in use by 37% from what it had been in ancient times.
The invention of the horse collar made it possible for horses to pull harder with less fatigue, which made it possible to till more land. It also made it possible for horses to pull newly invented heavy plows, which increased agricultural production.
Horse shoes were invented, and they prevented horses from getting hurt on stony land. This kept more horses in operation.
There were inventions that were useful beyond agriculture. The European style wheel barrow was one of these. Ancient Romans and people of the earliest part of the Middle Ages had hand barrows, which required two people to operate.
Wine presses were a medieval invention, and decreased the amount of labor needed for wine production.
Better agricultural tools were produced after the invention of the blast furnace in the 12th century, though I do not know if the improved steels were used for agriculture before the end of the Middle Ages.
Vertical windmills and mills powered by tidal action made it possible for millers to handle increased amounts of grain. The mills were also used to pump water, improving drainage and, in some places, reclaiming land from the sea.
Grinding wheels for sharpening tools were invented in the Middle Ages.
New spinning wheels and looms increased demand for linen fiber, providing new crops.
Other new crops were introduced by Arabs, but they were not inventions, of course.
Certain foods, such as caramel, were invented in the Middle Ages, and cane provided another new crop.
Distilled alcohol provided another new outlet for farm production, especially in Ireland and Scotland.
The inventions of new types of soaps meant new crops were raised for vegetable oils. And another use for oils was for paint, which was developed slowly from the eighth to fifteenth centuries.
There is a link below to the agriculture section of a Wikipedia article on Medieval Technology.
New agricultural technologies of the Middle Ages led to the increases in agricultural productivity, both in terms of land use and in terms of human efficiency. Increased production made it possible for some of the farming population to engage in other activities, and this was one of the things that led to increases of the populations of towns and cities.
The new agricultural technologies provided the food surplus that made possible the rise of towns and cities.
The farmers had a higher income because of increased crops.
A larger part of the population could be in crafts or merchandising.
The Middle Ages saw the inventions of the horse collar, the heavy plow, and horseshoes, among other things. The combined effects were that farmers could produce far more efficiently than they were able to in earlier times; the same amount of land could produce more food with less work. And this meant that the populations of cities and towns could grow greatly, increasing the size and importance of the middle class.
The mechanical improvements included the following:
There were advances or inventions that were not strictly for use in agriculture but expanded markets for farmers, and these included:
New species or breeds were imported or developed, giving farmers new crops, and these included, either as new introductions or crops spread into areas where they had not previously been grown in Europe:
There were new practices, including:
Please use the links below to see more in medieval inventions and more information on medieval agricultural improvements.
Most medieval farming was done on estates called manors. The manors had numbers of peasants living on them, and the peasants did the farming. The fields were divided according to use, with some being farmed strictly for the lord of the manor, some farmed by individual peasant families, and the majority farmed communally. A manor was usually intended to be as nearly self sufficient as possible, so all sorts of things were grown, including vines, orchard trees, cereal crops, root crops, green crops, pigs, cattle, chickens, and whatever else was thought good to raise. During the Middle Ages, new methods of crop rotation were used, and there were a number of new crops introduce from other parts of the world. Organization of the communal work and the fields was done by a reeve, who was one of the serfs selected for the task.
Farming improvements in the Middle Ages led to greater agricultural yields, which attributed to a dramatic increase in population. The revival of trade led to a growth of cities.
the decline of agricultural economies
There was no explorers in the middle ages. When exploration started that is when the middle ages ended.
Before the middle ages was Anquity (Greeks and Romans) and after the middle ages was the Renissance
well your wording is confusing😕
Farming improvements in the Middle Ages led to greater agricultural yields, which attributed to a dramatic increase in population. The revival of trade led to a growth of cities.
some improvements
The population of Europe increased in the High Middle Ages, as agricultural improvement, improvements in laws and economics, guilds, and increased travel lead to a great increase of the sizes and numbers of towns and cities.
Steam Power
All of the answers are correct.
the decline of agricultural economies
No. The Royal Sciety was founded during the Renaissance and had no impact of any kind on the middle ages.
The Ox driving plow and the 3 field system
Horseshoes were invented during the Middle Ages. They constituted an agricultural advance because they prevented horses' hoofs from being damaged by rocks as they plowed the soil, thus making the horses more useful. A horse could plow more land each year, if it wore horseshoes.
The period of time from 500 AD to 1500 AD is called the Middle Ages.
There was no explorers in the middle ages. When exploration started that is when the middle ages ended.
The third period of the Middle Ages was the Late Middle Ages. The first is called the Early Middle Ages or the Dark Age. The second period was the High Middle Ages.