When Rome fell to to barbarians it left a power void and that meant the strongest ruled. As the barbarian tribes ravaged Europe and sent the population into hiding, slavery or death only the strong could protect themselves. These men eventually came to power, controlled the areas and told the population what they wanted. They created vast armies, built strong castles with the knights enforcing the "law" of the land.
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Feudalism was a system of government during the Middle Ages. And the Crusades is a medieval military expedition.
Feudalism.
Feudalism was already in decline by the time of the Crusades due to factors such as the growth of centralized monarchies and the rise of commerce. The Crusades did contribute to the decline of feudalism by weakening the power of feudal lords and increasing the authority of monarchs. However, it is unlikely that feudalism would have continued indefinitely even without the Crusades due to the broader socio-economic changes taking place in Europe during that time.
The problem in answering this question stems from the exact meaning of feudalism, an issue on which many scholars find disagreement. Feudalism was characterised by a social hierarchy - king, lords, knights and serfs being important examples. Feudalism protected the position of the king, by ensuring the loyalty and service of the lords and knights, in return for position and favours. But feudalism, as we understand it, could probably not have existed without the serfs. When the supply of slaves, from central and eastern Europe, dried up in the tenth century, serfdom became the answer. Landholders also found that serfs were not only cheaper, but easier to manage than slaves had been.
Indirectly, the fall of Rome, and more directly, the threat of Viking attack. Viking raids during the Medieval period were common -- it WAS the Viking Age -- and what people do when they're under attack is run to the nearest fortified building. This building was either a church or the hall of a lord. Hence, in return for shelter and protection in case of emergencies, the lords asked for the loyalty and services of the peasants. Thus, feudalism.