Dred Scott v Sandford was a devastating decision for African Americans. The decision held that no person of African ancestry could claim citizenship in the United States. This meant that even in the so-called "free" states of the North, an African American had no rights of citizenship.
Although slavery was illegal in these "free" northern states, Scott v Sandford stated that a slaveholder could move into the states with his slaves and not lose them. In other words, the people were still slaves even though the law said it was illegal for them to be slaves.
Many freedmen living in the northern states fled the country following the decision in fear of former owners. Many more were placed back in bondage and forced to return to the South.
The decision, in 1857, infuriated the North, further polarizing relations between the North and the South. Certainly Scott v Sandford was not the only deciding factor in the outbreak of the Civil War, but it did play a significant role.
Dred Scott was freed by his owner May 26, 1857. He died a free man September 17, 1858 of tuberculosis. He had one child, a daughter, born in 1838.
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The Dred Scott decision electrified the the nation. chief justice Roger B. tanry said the Dred Scott was still a slave.
The Dred Scott decision and a philosophy of judicial restraint
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What are some characteristics of Dred Scott
The Dred Scott decision or Dred Scott v. Sandford, took place in 1857. His case was based on the fact that he and his wife Harriet Scott were slaves, but had lived in states and territories where slavery was illegal, including Illinois and Minnesota (which was then part of the Wisconsin Territory). Dred Scott lost the case when The United States Supreme Court ruled seven to two, on the grounds that he, nor any person of African ancestry, could claim citizenship in the United States, and that therefore Scott could not bring suit in federal court under diversity of citizenship rules.