The most infamous of all, at least internationally, was the Auschwitz group, which was both a very harsh concentration camp, with several sub-camps and an extermination camp (Auschwitz-Birkenau).
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I think it was Auschwitz Birkenau, from the story Night, by Elie Wiesel.
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Not just because of the book Night. It was also the biggest and killed more than any other camp. Already in the late 1940s, before the word Holocaust was widely used, Auschwitzwas sometimes used in this sense. The fact that the Auschwitz group of camps combined the functions of a concentration camp and an extermination camps meant that it had more survivors than, for example, Treblinka, which had the second highest death toll.
Though a sad subject the Holocaust had an abundance of concentration camps. The more infamous ones are Auschwitz, Chelmno, and Belzec. An extreme amount of people were exterminated at these camps. Hopefully the world has learned from this hard lesson.
Due to the isolated locations of most of the camps, military forces could not reach the death camps immediately.
Most were gassed soon after arrival. More than any of the killing centers in the Nazi system, Auschwitz exemplifies the rationalization of murder. It was most efficient camp established by the Nazi regime for carrying out the "Final Solution."
Examples of concentration camps during the holocaust are Bergen- Belsen and Aushwitz. This are the most well known concentration camps. Also in Bergen- Belsen Anne and Margot Frank died. Anne in March of 1945. Margot in eather the end of Febuary or early march 1945. In Aushwitz Mrs. Edith Frank died on January 6th 1945. Only ten days later the camp was liberated.
* Transit camps, where prisoners were held till they were moved to other kinds of camps. * Concentration Camps, Grade I - for example, Dachau. * Concentration Camps, Grade II - for example, Buchenwald. (These were harsher than Grade I camps and there was less food than at Grade I camps). * Concentration Camps, Grade III - for example, Auschwitz I and III. (Harsher and with less food than in Grade II camps - very high death rates). * Extermination camps - most of Auschwitz II (Birkenau), Treblinka II, Belzec, Chelmno, Sobibor, Maly Trostenets and one section of Majdanek. These camps were designed as killing centres and nothing else. In addition, there were also concentration camps for 'difficult children' (!) aged 12+ and later even 2+ ...
The Confederate POW camp at Andersonville in Georgia was the most notorious.