General Ulysses Simpson Grant led the Army of the Potomac.
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Despite the tremendous goal of President Lincoln to capture the Confederate capital of Richmond, there was never any real danger of this happening until late in the War. Early in the war, in 1862 General George McClellan, leader of the Union's Army of the Potomac, failed to even attack Richmond due to bad planning and the great generalship of the South. It seemed that the only way to take Richmond in 1864 under Grant was to lay siege on Richmond. Richmond endured a 10 month siege before it was captured. This seems almost impossible to believe that Richmond did not fall to the Union at the onset of the war. Such was the state of the Union's inept strategies and tactics.
The Union victory at the battle of Five Forks, which led to the breakthrough of Confederate front and the encirclement of the Petersburg's defensive line.
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The Confederacy moved its capital from Alabama to Richmond, Virginia. It remained there for the better part of the Civil War. Much to the concern of Lincoln as he could not understand why the Army of the Potomac could not capture it earlier. Richmond is a stone's throw away from Washington DC.
It closed one of the blockade-runners' favourite ports, and started the process of Union liberation of the Mississippi.