indirect rule
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Nigeria
The Berlin Conference saw the continent of Africa divided and parceled out to the different colonial countries. The Conference established colonial rule in Africa and led to the exploitation of African resources.
The King presided in Madrid over an appointed Council of the Indies which drew up policy to be implemented through the regional Viceroys (initially two, later four) in Spanish America. Below them were provincial courts or audiencias with legislative powers. The system's domination by appointees from Spain becane a cause for complaint among Spanish settlers in the New World, contributing to the revolutions of the 1810s.
After years of living outside direct British control, the colonies developed an "American" spirit of independence. As the colonial societies grew and began to overlap it increased unity. Whenever the British started exerting their rule again in the colonies, Americans were united in anger.
They didn't rule the world, but they colonized most countries in the world.