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African Americans went to Northern cities for better opportunities.
In the Great Migration, which took place in 1910-1930, millions of African Americans "migrated" to the Midwest, Northeast, and West of the United States from Southern states such as Mississippi, Alabama, and Louisiana. A second movement -- New Great Migration -- has been occurring since 1965 and is essentially the reverse of the Great Migration, with African Americans moving to the "New South" where job growth exceeded that of the North and racism/discrimination has abated.
The Great Migration refers to the movement of African Americans from the South to the urban North, between 1916 and 1970.
In the early 20th century, many African-Americans moved from the South to cities in the North. This "Great Migration" helped stimulate a flowering of artistic talent by African-Americans in New York known as the Harlem Renaissance.
The large scale migration of African-Americans from the agricultural south to the industrial north during the twentieth century came to be known as the Great Migration. More than 6 million blacks moved out of the rural south to the Northeast, Midwest and West to compete for manufacturing and other jobs in northern cities. By the end of the Great migration in the 1960's, African-Americans had become an urbanized population. More than 80 percent lived in cities. It was one of the largest and most rapid migrations in history.