Interest groups the federal bureaucracy and Congress form the iron triangle.
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It is the Executive Branch that administers the federal bureaucracy. The Executive Branch also executes the laws, and prepares the annual budget.
In federal bureaucracy the name game is the titles given to the many units that make up the executive branch. For example department is reserved for agencies of the Cabinet rank.
Executive branch bureaucrats provide Congress with the technical expertise and advice it needs to pass good laws. They also shape the law in the way that they carry out that law and the agency rules that result from it.
The federal budget is determined after all the agencies submit their requests to the Congress. At that point the Congress submits the budget as a bill and attempts to pass it.
Congress